Ziyarat un Nabi ~sal Allahu alayhi wa sallam~

19/08/2011 00:59

 Is it ‘Haram’ to Visit Madinah with the Intention of Visiting the Grave of the al-Mustafa ~sal Allahu alayhi wa sallam~?

Ziyarat un Nabi ~sal Allahu alayhi wa sallam~ is one of the most important practices of the admirers and followers of the Beloved Prophet. After the demise of the Prophet, the Sahaba used to frequently visit the Noble and Blessed Grave of the Beloved Rasul-Allah to derive blessings and seek solace from the worldly calamities. There are numerous Hadiths on this topic, which shall be discussed in a separate article.

Here, we shall first shed light on those who first denied its immense merits and declared visiting Madinah Munawwarah with the intention of visiting the Grave of the Beloved Rasul-Allah as ‘Haram’! We shall also present a list of major books written on this topic refuting these heretics.

Who was the First to Declare it ‘Haram’?

Shaykh Ibn Taymiya Mujassami Hanbali Harani (661-728 A.H/ 1263-1328 C.E) was the first to declare it ‘Haram’ in his numerous books, particularly ‘Majmu al Fatawa’, declaring that the Hadiths on the permissibility and merits of visiting the noble and blessed Grave of the Beloved Rasul-Allah were all ‘Zaeef’ {Weak} and ‘Mawdu’ {Fabricated} and it is ‘Haram’ to visit Madinah Munawwarah with the intention of visiting the Grave of the Beloved Prophet! This notion of Shaykh Ibn Taymiya was itself ‘Biddat uz Zalalah’ {Evil Innovation} by all means for no Scholar of Islam or Muslim before him ever held this view and by doing so he denied the ‘Ijma’ {Consensus} of Muslims on the matter.

Therefore, my Murshid- Shaykh ul Islam Sayyid Muhammad Madani Ashrafi Jilani Kichochavi declares Shaykh Ibn Taymiya as ‘Rayis ul Munkarin’ because Shaykh Ibn Taymiya was a ‘Munkir’ {Denier} of numerous established and proven Doctrines and Practices of Islam, therefore has been addressed as ‘Rayis ul Munkarin’ i.e. ‘Chief of Deniers’! Insha-Allah, we shall present his heresies and denials in another article.

Major Books on Ziyarat un Nabi ~sal Allahu alayhi wa sallam~

The giant Sunni Muhaddithin and Fuqaha at once refuted Shaykh Ibn Taymiya by authoring books on the validity of visiting the Grave of the Beloved Rasul-Allah and authenticating the numerous Hadiths on the topic.

The Major books are as follows:

  1. Shifa us Siqam fi Ziyarat Khayr il Anam’ by Imam Taqiuddin Subki Ashari Shafai’ (683-756 A.H).

The highly brilliant masterpiece of the giant Muhaddith- Imam Subki, it is regarded as one of the first and best written books on the subject.

  1. ‘Itihaf uz Zayir wa Atraf il Muqim Lis Sayir fi Ziyarat in Nabi’ by Imam Ibn Asakir Ashari Shafai’ Dimishqi (618-686 A.H).
  2. ‘At Tuhfat ul Mukhtarah fil Radd ala Munkir az Ziyarah’ by Imam Umar bin Abi Aiman Maliki (d. 734 A.H).
  3. ‘Tuhfat u Zawar ila Qabr in Nabi il Mukhtar’ by Imam Ibn Hajr Haythami Ashari Shafai’ Makki (d. 973 A.H)
  4. ‘Al Jawahir ul Munazzam fi Ziyarat il Qabr ash Sharif al Nabi al Mukarram’ by Imam Ibn Hajr Haythami Ashari Shafai’ Makki (d. 973 A.H)
  5. ‘Al Durrat ul Muziyah fi Ziyarat ul Mustafiya’ by Imam Hafiz Mulla Ali Qari Matrudi Hanafi (d. 1014 A.H)

Its manuscript is available with Shaykh Allama Abbas Razvi, though some starting pages are missing, however, it should still be published.

  1. ‘Al Zakhair ul Qudsiya fi Ziyarat il Khayr al Bariya’ by Imam Abdul Hameed bin Muhammad Ali Quds bin al Khatib.
  2. ‘Al Manhal as Safa fi Ziyarat in Nabi al Mustafa’ by Imam Muhammad bin Sulayman Qabbani.
  3. ‘Shifa ul Fuwad bi Ziyarati Khayr il Ibad’ by Imam Muhammad bin Alawi Maliki Ashari Makki.

           An excellent and detail book which sums up almost all the textual proofs on the topic from the past 1400 years!

  1. ‘Al A’lam bi Istibab Shadd ar Rihal il Ziyarat Khayr il Anam’ by Shaykh Mahmud Saeed Mamduh Ashari Shafai’ Misri.
  2. ‘Raf al Minarah li Takhrij al Ahadith at Tawassul wal Ziyarah’ by Shaykh Mahmud Saeed Mamduh Ashari Shafai’ Misri.

The unchallenged masterpiece on the documentation of Hadiths of ‘Ziyarat un Nabi’ and its analysis, it also answers all the modern objections and criticisms on ‘Ziyarat un Nabi’ by the Wahhabiya-Salafiya-Ahle Hadith.

  1. ‘Iqdd ud Durar fi Fazl Ziyarati Khayr ul Bashar’ by ‘Shirkat Dar ul Mashari’y’, Lebanon.

This Heresy in the Indian Sub-Continent!

The Ibn Taymiyan and Wahabbiyan beliefs and doctrines were introduced and actively promoted by Syed Ahmed Rae-Bareilvi, Shah Ismail Dehlavi, and Shah Ishaq Dehlavi in their numerous books. Similarly, this Heretical notion also gained ground among the masses. The Indian Muhaddithin also contributed immensely in the refutation of this heretical Wahhabian belief. Among these works are:

  1. ‘Ahsan ul Maqal fi Hadith La Tashadd ar Rihal’ <1264 A.H> by Shaykh ul Islam Mufti Sadruddin Azurdah Matrudi Hanafi Dehlavi (d. 1285 A.H)
  2. ‘Muntahi ul Maqal fi Sharh Hadith la Tashadd ar Rihal’ by Shaykh ul Islam Mufti Sadruddin Azurdah Matrudi Hanafi Dehlavi (d. 1285 A.H)

This book contains the endorsements of the great Mutakallim- Imam Fazl e Haq Matrudi Hanafi Chishti Khayrabadi and Shaykh Mufti Sa’adullah Muradabadi.

  1. ‘Ikmal fi Bahas Shadd ar Rihal’ <1266 A.H-Persian> by Imam Fazl ur Rasul Usmani Matrudi Hanafi Quadri Badayuni (d. 1289 A.H)

This book is in answer to eight questions on the matter of ‘Ziyarat un Nabi’ which were forwarded by the Wahhabiya in refutation of ‘Muntahi ul Maqal’ of Mufti Sadruddin Azurdah Dehlavi.

  1. ‘Ar Risalat ur Rabiya Fil Hajj, Fasl fi Ziyarat ul Madinah al Munawarrah’ by Imam Bahr ul Ulum Allama Abdul Alyy Farangi Mahali.
  2. ‘Al Kalam ul Maqbul fi Radd al Qawl ul Mansur’ by Imam Abdul Hayy Lakhnavi Farangi Mahali.
  3. ‘Zahur ul Anwar fi Ziyarat in Nabi al Mukhtar’ by Shaykh Abul Zafar Sayyid Sharif Quadri Nawshahi.

Almost all great Muhaddithin and Scholars have refuted the Ibn Taymiyan Innovation in their respected books…The details of which will be presented in the last part of this series on ‘Ziyart un Nabi ~sal Allahu alayhi wa sallam~

Textual Manipulation {‘Tahrif’} in ‘Kitab al Azkar’ of Imam Nawawi Shafai’ on the topic of ‘Ziyarat un Nabi’~sal Allahu alayhi wa sallam~

One of the leading experts of Hadith research in India-Shaykh Allama Usayd ul Haq Asim Azhari Quadri Badayuni collected numerous examples of Textual Manipulations {‘Tahrif’} of the Wahhabiya –Salafiya in modern times. Among these manipulations is their extremist and anti-Islamic policy of changing and deleting the Hadiths mentioned on the topic of ‘Ziyarat un Nabi’ ~sal Allahu alayhi wa sallam~ in the authentic and famous books of past scholars.

One such example mentioned by Allama Usayd ul Haq Badayuni is the publication of ‘Kitab ul Azkar’ of Imam Nawawi from ‘Dar ul Huda, Riyadh’ in 1409 A.H in which they have changed the wordings of the Chapter and its contents! The page 295 of this Salafi edition of ‘Kitab al Azkar’ is a proof of this ‘Tahrif’!

Imam Nawawi- an ardent lover of the Beloved Rasul-Allah ~sal Allahu alayhi wa sallam~ named the Chapter as ‘Fasl Fi Ziyarat Qabr Rasul-Allahi wa Azkaruha which can be seen in all the other editions of ‘Kitab ul Azkar’ and its numerous manuscripts through out the world. But the publication house ‘Dar ul Huda’ changed the word ‘Qabr’ with ‘Masjid’  and removed the words ‘Wa Azkaruha’ and re-named it as ‘Fasl fi Ziyarat Masjid Rasul-Allah’!

This textual manipulation also shows their hatred towards the visitation of Madinah Munawwarah with the intention of visiting the Beloved Rasul-Allah ~sal Allahu alayhi wa sallam~

Moreover, they even changed the contents of this Chapter. Imam Nawawi writes:

“It should be known that whoever completes Hajj, it is better for him to visit Rasul-Allah ~sal Allahu alayhi wa sallam~ whether it is on his way or not in his way because visiting the Prophet is the most Important means of gaining Nearness {‘Taqarrub’} from numerous other acts, the most Beneficial among other struggles, and the most Meritorious {‘Afzal’} amongst other wants.”

The Wahhabi-Salafi publishers changed it as follows: “It should be known that whoever intends to visit the Masjid of Rasul-Allah ~sal Allahu alayhi wa sallam~, it is Desirable {‘Mustahab’} for them to recite excessive ‘Salat’ {‘Durud’} on him.”

The Publishers have not stopped at this ‘Tahrif’ only, but also removed the Faith boosting Hadith of Sayyiduna Utabi. The Hadith which they removed is as follows:

Sayyiduna Utabi' states that: “I was sitting near the Grave of the Prophet when a Bedouin came and said, “As Salamu Alayka Ya Rasul Allah (Peace be upon You O Prophet). I have heard an Ayah of the Holy Quran... “If they had been unjust to themselves......” Therefore, I have come to you to seek Forgiveness for my Sins and make you as ‘Shafee’’ (Interceder) before my Lord. Then he said the following couplets...

Ya Khayra min Dufinat BilQaai’ A’zamuhu

Khata min Teebihinna al Qaau wal Akamu

Nafsil Fidaau li Qabrin Anta Sakinuhu

Fihil Ifafu wa Fihi il Judu wal Karamu

(“O! The most superior person to be buried in this land, Due to whose fragnance the grounds and hills got perfumed. My Life be sacrificed on this Grave in which you are resting, In this is chastity and in this is generosity.”) .......’ Utabi’ says: ‘After saying these couplets, the Bedouin returned and I slept. I saw the Prophet in my Dream who was saying, ‘O Utabi! Go and give Glad-Tidings to that Bedouin that Allah Almighty has Forgiven him!’”

Imam Nawawi mentions this Faith enlightening incident in ‘Kitab ul Azkar’ and can be seen in all the famous editions of this book, but the Salafi publishers have deliberately removed this Hadith because of they could not accept and endorse such love of Sahaba and Tabiyin which they say is ‘Shirk’!

They did this textual manipulation because it proves the following:

  1. It is correct to address the Beloved Rasul-Allah  ~sal Allahu alayhi wa sallam~ with the word- ‘Ya Rasul Allah’ even after his Death.
  2. It is correct to travel to visit his noble Grave.
  3. It is correct to Supplicate (Make Dua’) at his Grave.
  4. It is correct to seek the Forgiveness of the Prophet apart from the Forgiveness of Allah Almighty .
  5. It is correct to Plead and Request the Prophet to seek one’s Forgiveness.
  6. The Supplication (‘Dua’) asked at his Grave is accepted by Allah Almighty.
  7. The Beloved Prophet Listens and Seeks for our Forgiveness when requested.
  8. It is correct to make the Prophet as a ‘Shafee’ (Interceder) in our worldly lives.
  9. It is correct to recite Eulogies (‘Naat’) at his Grave.
  10. The Beloved Rasul Allah is Alive in his Grave!  

They hold that all the above ten Beliefs and Actions to be ‘Shirk’ and claim this Hadith promotes and validates ‘Shirk’! But, they forget that this same Hadith is also mentioned by the famous Sunni Ashari scholar whom the Salafiya also admire and revere – Imam Hafiz Ibn Kathir in ‘Tafsir Ibn Kathir; 1: 532’ !

The above incident is not the only one on the immense blessings and rewards which one can achieve by ‘Ziyarat un Nabi’ ~sal Allahu alyhi wa sallam~, Another incident which collaborates and authenticates the above Hadith of Sayyiduna Utabi is mentioned by the great Muhaddith, Imam Daylmi in ‘Musnad al Firdaws’ as follows:

Ali said, ‘A Bedouin came to us 3 days after the Burial of the Prophet. He rubbed himself on the Grave of the Prophet and threw sand from the Grave of the Prophet on his face and recited this Ayah, "If they had been unjust to themselves, had come to you and begged Allah’s Forgiveness, and the Messenger had begged Forgiveness for them: Indeed, they would have found Allah All- Forgiving, Most Merciful." And said: ‘Ya Rasul Allah! I have been unjust to myself and have come in your court, You seek Forgiveness for me.’ A Voice came from the Grave that, ‘You have been Forgiven!” {Tafsir al Qurtubi; 5:265}

This same incident is also mentioned in ‘Tafsir Madarik ul Tanzil (1:368)’ by Imam Ahmad bin Mahmud Nasafi Hanafi and in ‘Shawahid ul Haq; 87’ by Imam Yusuf bin Ismail Nabhani Shafai’.

Why Did they Do This?

This is an important question one must ask and what forced them to change and manipulate the books of Hadiths in order to suit their beliefs and doctrines. Surely, the reason is clear to the men of intellect and knowledge, they are wrong in their Beliefs and Doctrines and the books of Hadith clearly refute them and their false claims…..so what can they do except to change the Books of Hadith itself! This is not the only case of Textual Manipulation {‘Tahrif’} done by the Wahhabiya-Salafiya, numerous other Hadiths have been deliberately removed or changed to suit their heretical beliefs while the English translations of Tafsirs and Hadith books published by them are full of delibrate mis-translations, the details of which shall be Insha-Allah presented soon in another article.

The Jews are known to have done the same with their religious books as mentioned in the Holy Quran, and such actions of the modern Salafiya is indeed blameworthy and anti-Islamic. May Allah Almighty save us from their Heresies! Amin!

Was Salam,

Basharath Ali Siddiqui Hanafi Ashrafi,

Ahl us Sunnah Foundation,

Hyd, India.